reading – Hooked on Phonics https://www.hookedonphonics.com Learn to read Tue, 01 Sep 2020 05:29:03 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.4.3 https://www.hookedonphonics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/hop_logo_edit.jpg reading – Hooked on Phonics https://www.hookedonphonics.com 32 32 Hooked on Phonics® Reading Tips https://www.hookedonphonics.com/hooked-on-phonics-reading-tips/ https://www.hookedonphonics.com/hooked-on-phonics-reading-tips/#comments Fri, 28 Apr 2017 16:11:32 +0000 http://live-onehop.pantheonsite.io/?p=7775 How do reading skills develop?

Reading to your child is one of the most important things you can do to help foster a life-long love of reading. Studies show that reading to your child is an essential component in providing a future academic advantage. These reading tips will encourage children of all ages to love reading and become lifelong readers!

Research has identified five skills that are essential for learning to read:

  1. Phonemic Awareness: Being able to notice, understand, and work with the sounds in words.
  2. Phonics: A method of teaching reading, based on sounding out letters to read words.
  3. Fluency: Being able to read accurately and quickly.
  4. Vocabulary: Knowing what words mean when we hear and read them levitra cijena.
  5. Text Comprehension: Truly understanding what is read.

As a parent or caregiver, you play a critical role in helping children not only learn to read but develop a life-long love of reading. You can make reading a part of your child’s life by clicking on the links below and following the tips that are just right for your child’s age.

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Teach Your Child to Read with Hooked on Phonics! https://www.hookedonphonics.com/teach-your-child-to-read/ Thu, 19 May 2016 13:09:11 +0000 http://td_uid_54_573dbaf7232f2 FUN, Effective… and Easy as 1, 2, 3!

Developed by leading educators based on research on how children learn to read, each session takes just 20 minutes or less. Discover how more than 3 million children are getting better gradeshopshop

Learn to read new words by watching the DVD.

Learn to read new words
by watching the DVD.

girl_2

Practice the new sound combinations in the workbook levitra cijena.

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Put it all together with stories using words just learned.

Get All This...The Complete Learn to Read
Package for Kids Age 3-8
Everything your child needs to succeed

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  • 8 DVDs & Workbooks, 36 Storybooks
  • 4 Sets of Flashcards, 8 sets of stickers
  • Full online access to my.hookedonphonics.com
  • Storage and Display Box

 

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Essential Reading Activities to Build Skills | Phonics https://www.hookedonphonics.com/what-can-i-do-to-help-my-child-learn-to-read-part-2/ Wed, 18 May 2016 01:30:36 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=292 What exactly is Phonics and how can I use phonics to help my child learn to read?

Phonics is a method of teaching reading, based on sounding out letters to read words. Let’s say that you learn the letter i makes the /i/ sound, and that the letter t makes the /t/ sound. And when you read these sounds together, /i/ /t/, you have it. You’ve just used phonics to read the word it.

Rag Minibook Activity

Here’s an easy activity you can do with your child using our phonics teaching method. In just 20 minutes, your child will be able to read a book all by himself by playing an easy flash card game and creating our free Learn to Read Minibook.

 

HopMiniBookCover_Photo-1024x768

HopMiniBookInt2_Photos-1024x768

How to get started:

  1. Make one flash card for each of the letters: r, a, g, s, d, c, t, p, n, and w, for a total of 10 cards. You can use index cards or just cut up a piece of plain paper.
  2. Lay them on the table.
  3. Help your child to put the cards together that form the words rag, sad, cat, pat, can, and wag. Call out the name of each letter and the sound it makes as you push the cards together.
  4. Do this a few times until your child can do it all by himself.

Then print out our free mini-book:

Learn to Read Minibook Printable

Rag

To Assemble the Minibook:

  1. Cut each page in half by cutting on the dotted line.
  2. Stack all of the pages together with the cover on the front, followed by page 1, page 2, etc., until all of the pages are in order. Do not include the instructions.
  3. Staple along the left side of the pages.
  4. Finish the book by tracing all of the words with dotted lines.
  5. Have your child color all of the pages.
  6. Your child has already learned to read each word by playing the flash card game, so he is ready to read the book he just made all by himself!

 

Hooked on Phonics Learn to Read is full of activities just like this one, plus story books, workbooks, online games, flashcards, and much, much more. Check it out here.

 

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Essential Reading Activities to Build Skills | Phonemic Awareness https://www.hookedonphonics.com/what-can-i-do-to-help-my-child-learn-to-read-part-1/ Mon, 16 May 2016 04:25:35 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=305 We at Hooked on Phonics hear from many parents about their children’s struggles with learning to read. Difficulties with reading can have a negative long-term effect on a children’s self-esteem, their desire to learn and succeed in school, and ultimately their success in life.

Although there are no quick ways to teach children to read…

…it doesn’t have to be a difficult task. We’ll outline the basic skills children must master in order to learn to read and reading activities that provide meaningful practice.

The National Reading Panel’s (NPR) 2000 report identified five areas of reading instruction that must be addressed in order to teach children to read:

1. Phonemic Awareness: Being able to notice, understand, and work with the sounds in words.
2. Phonics: A method of teaching reading, based on sounding out letters to read words.
3. Fluency: Being able to read accurately and quickly.
4. Vocabulary: Knowing what words mean when we hear and read them.
5. Text Comprehension: Truly understanding what is read.

Today, let’s focus first on reading activities to build phonemic awareness.

How can I help my child gain phonemic awareness?Sitting-Girl

There are many activities that can help parents accomplish this task. Here are two simple ones that you can do with your child without having to buy, make, or read anything (other than this post!).

NOTE: When you see a letter between slashes, /a/, it represents the sound of the letter. When you see a letter in bold, a, it represents the name of the letter.

Activity 1:

Parent: Listen to this word: cat. One more time: cat. /k/ /a/ /t/. Can you say the word?
Childcat.
Parent: Good job! Now can you say the sounds? /k/ /a/ /t/.
(If your child makes an error, be positive–“Good try! That was pretty close! You almost got it!”–and ask him to try again.)
Child: /k/ /a/ /t/.
Parent: That was great! Now write each letter for the word cat. Write the letter that makes this sound /k/ (allow your child to write the letter c); /a/ (allow your child to write the letter a); /t/ (allow your child to write the letter t).
Child: /k/ (child writes letter c); /a/ (child writes letter a); /t/ (child writes letter t); cat.
Parent: You said AND wrote the word cat. You are so smart! (Now try more words like fan, sad, bat, pig, pen, and box.)

Activity 2:

Watch this video with your child. Listen to the narrator and follow the prompts:

 

 

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A True Story of One Mother’s Love https://www.hookedonphonics.com/a-true-story-of-one-mothers-love/ Thu, 10 Dec 2015 23:50:27 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=3415

Okay, a show of hands: How many of you remember the Hooked on Phonics commercial from the 90s? The one with the little red-headed kid chirping, “Hooked on Phonics worked for me!” Okay, now how many of you learned to READ using Hooked on Phonics? Do you remember sitting down with your cassettes and your tape player doing the lessons, workbook in hand? Or were you, like me, part of the older generation that grew up during the time of the dinosaurs and the 8-track tape players? (I know. I’m totally dating myself!)

I Had My Doubts

Though I was too old for Hooked on Phonics, I decided to use it with my little boy. At 5 1/2 he literally wasn’t able to sound out words at all.  I was skeptical at first because I was raised during the Whole-Language Approach toward reading and believed that the Phonetic Approach would make my kid a poor speller. (I was wrong. In 5th grade, he’s actually a terrific speller in addition to being a good reader.)

Like Mother, Like Daughter

I have to say, though, I was privileged to hear, first hand, an incredible story of Olga, a loving mother who was determined not to give up on her daughter, and a young girl who was determined not to give up on herself. For years, Olga reached out to us because she wanted others to benefit from her experiences. When we finally reached her, here is the story she shared with us:

Are you a grown-up Hooked on Phonics kid? Share your story with us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

#TBTHookedonPhonics  #HookedonPhonicsWorkedforMe

 

 

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Literary S.O.S: How to Spot Signs of a Struggling Reader https://www.hookedonphonics.com/signs-of-struggling-readers/ https://www.hookedonphonics.com/signs-of-struggling-readers/#comments Fri, 06 Nov 2015 18:01:55 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=3135

Learning to read is an incredibly complex and taxing task for little ones. Their brains are growing and stretching to recognize letters, sounds, words, meaning, and context. It is a rewarding, and sometimes frustrating, experience. Compounding what sometimes feels like a classroom competition are literacy urban myths—like the genius three-year-old who can read at a fourth grade level—that can set the bar intimidatingly high. On the flip side, parents are bombarded with panic-driven and opportunistic marketing campaigns for toys and games that make miraculous claims (often with little results). All parents want to support and facilitate the best learning experience for their child and that includes being able to detect and correct any struggles that may come up.

baby_and_sister_reading_260x260Problem…What Problem?

Reading issues can be brought to a parent’s attention in different ways, and oftentimes, it is a teacher or caretaker who first notices that there may be a challenge to surmount. Even parents who are very in-tune with their child may be surprised to learn that their child is a struggling reader.

If a concern is broached, specific questions can help clarify exactly what the problem is and the best way to address it. Here are some questions to consider:

  • When was the issue first identified?
  • How often does the child run into this issue?
  • Have there been other red flags in class (like behavior issues)?
  • Have alternative teaching methods been introduced?
  • What are the next steps in terms of research and assessment?
adult_and_boy_reading_260x260What to Watch For

Even if the bulk of learning is done at school, parents can still watch for issues when singing, playing, and reading at home. Stumbling through books isn’t necessarily cause for panic, but if some of the following issues seem to be present, it may be worth further time and investigation:

  • Trouble remembering and recognizing letters of the alphabet
  • Inability to identify rhyming words or complete familiar rhymes despite frequent repetition and practice
  • Struggling to sound out words and/or string sounds together
  • Laboring over a word despite seeing or reading it several times before
  • Guessing or making up words when reading
  • General disinterest in words and letters
  • Resisting reading aloud
  • Delayed speech
blocks_260x260The ABC of Possibilities

The golden rule of children’s literacy is simple: read every day. Engage your little one in a book whenever possible. Ask them to pick their own bedtime story, identify familiar characters and, for simple texts, prompt them to complete sentences. Make that time enjoyable, not stressful, for both of you. If your child feels like reading is a punishment or chore, he or she is sure to resist. Introduce plenty of silly nursery rhymes and songs during the day, and incorporate brain-stimulating toys like puzzles, flashcards, and magnetic letters. The “real world” is full of opportunities to spot letters and numbers, like stop signs, grocery aisle numbers, and digital clocks.

Hooked on Phonics is another effective tool to help struggling readers—both in book and app form, depending on what’s more effective for your child’s learning style. Each lesson takes 20 minutes or less and offers a fun, interactive activity to help you mix up your child’s reading routine.

Child Problems, Adult Frustrations

You’ve read and rhymed your heart out, and you still can’t see progress in your child’s reading abilities. So what now? Create a support group for your little one and your family: Check in with your child’s “team”—teachers and caretakers, in particular. Share your concerns and formulate a plan to get your child extra help and attention during reading time. From there, make an appointment with your doctor, who can recommend channels for proper testing for ADD, ADHD, and dyslexia, if necessary. It’s easy to jump to a conclusion about learning disabilities, especially after spending 20 minutes on Internet comment boards. But there is no need to panic as resources and support are available. Your child has the best advocate in their corner—you. Simply continue to foster a love of reading and learning, one day (and page) at a time.

Top photo credit: Maria Uspenskaya/Shutterstock

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Meet 3-Year-Old Ben: A Hooked on Phonics Success Story https://www.hookedonphonics.com/meet-3-year-old-ben-a-hooked-on-phonics-success-story/ Mon, 26 Oct 2015 21:25:08 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=2869

While reading through the messages on the Hooked on Phonics Facebook page this morning, I came across this one from Lindsey about her 3-year-old son, Ben, who can read CHAPTER BOOKS. Yes, you read that right! Lindsey graciously agreed to let me share her Hooked on Phonics success story and this adorable video with you.

Lindsey writes:

“I just wanted to let you know what an amazing program you have. My son successfully completed your Hooked on Phonics Pre-K through Second Grade Learn to Read program at 2 years old, just over one year ago. This program was so fun for my son, with learning the alphabet and letter sounds up to learning to read, with the program’s easy and straightforward progression.

3yearold_chapter_book_reader_260x260

“I started reading to my son from birth and he has loved reading ever since. His love of reading encouraged me to invest in this product and teach him to read shortly after he turned 1. He is now 3. He still loves to read and can read for hours all by himself, anything from simple books to beginning chapter books. I love watching his imagination expand as he reads aloud, smiling and learning. Thank you for a wonderful product that parents and children can share to learn and bond at an early age.

“Here are a few pictures of him reading and a short video. His name is Ben and he turned 3 in July. He finished the second grade learn to read in September 2014. Again thank you for such an amazing product.”


I want to thank Lindsey for sharing her son’s incredible success—and for allowing Hooked on Phonics to help guide him along his journey (and he’s only 3!). It’s stories like these that keep us going year after year. I applaud Lindsey (and all parents) for reading aloud to their children right from birth and for teaching them to love reading. To me, this is one of the greatest gifts we, as parents, can give to our kids.

If you would like to share your story, along with photos or a video, of your child’s reading success story, please email me at success@hookedonphonics.com.

Happy Reading!

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Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, Comprehension: The ABCs of Reading in Second Grade https://www.hookedonphonics.com/phonics-fluency-vocabulary-comprehension-the-abcs-of-reading-in-second-grade/ https://www.hookedonphonics.com/phonics-fluency-vocabulary-comprehension-the-abcs-of-reading-in-second-grade/#comments Thu, 08 Oct 2015 18:58:20 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=2320

girl_confidently_doing_lesson_in_school_700x493

By the time second grade starts, most kids are able to read on their own. Often, kids and parents stop reading together often by this point—but reading out loud to your child is still a great way to help build his skills and to have fun together.

If your child is struggling to read in second grade, take action. Talk with his teacher about your concerns, and see what school recommends. Research tells us that children should be reading confidently and fluently on their own in second grade. If that’s not happening for your child yet, don’t wait. Ask school for help and information. Consider doing extra systematic work at home, either with you or through a tutor who uses research-based methods of phonics instruction like those in Hooked on Phonics products and mobile apps.

Learning to read is a huge job and it involves several key parts. Here’s an overview of what goes into the process and what you should expect in your second grade reader.


Phonemic Awareness

girl reading out loud at school

What is it?
  • Phonemic awareness is the knowledge that spoken words can be broken apart into smaller chunks of sound. These units of sound are called phonemes.
  • Here’s an example: the word bat is made of three phonemes: the sounds /b/, /a/, and /t/. When kids know that these three sounds are part of the word bat, they are showing that they have phonemic awareness.
What should my second grader know?
  • Your child should confidently know all letter sounds. If she doesn’t, talk with her teacher if school hasn’t contacted you already.
How can I help my child develop in this area?

Phonics

What is it?
  • Phonics connect the knowledge of sounds (also called phonemes) to letter symbols.
  • Here’s an example: The letter X looks like “X” and makes the sound “ks.”
second grade boy readingWhat should my second grader know?
  • Phonics should also be an area of strength for your second grader. She should be able to sound out words without a huge amount of difficulty.
  • Write paragraphs with more detail. Spelling should be getting closer to correct on a more regular basis in second grade.
How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • If phonics is a struggle in second grade, it’s important to take action. Talk with his teacher, and consider doing structured practice at home using Hooked on Phonics products or mobile apps with you and/or a tutor.
  • Encourage your child to take on more responsibility in sounding out and writing words, especially if the words they are working with follow phonics rules. (If she asks: “How do you spell bedroom’? “Well, what sound do you hear at the beginning? Good köpa priligy. Keep going.” If he gets stuck—like on how to write the “oo”—then help out.)

Fluency

What is it?
  • Fluency is the ability to read words smoothly, at a good pace, and with expression.
    o Here’s an example: If a character is very excited, the reader’s voice should sound excited, too. The child should not have to stop to sound out each word; the words should flow smoothly.
What should my second grader know?
  • Second graders should read confidently and at a good pace. They will stumble on a few words, of course, but should be able to handle most words in a second grade level story.
How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Keep reading together as often as you can.
  • If fluency is a struggle for your second grader, choose stories that use predictable rhyming patterns and more simple word choices.

Vocabulary

What is it?
  • Vocabulary is the dictionary in your child’s mind. The more word meanings your child knows, the larger her vocabulary.
What should my second grader know?
  • When you don’t know what a word means, or how to sound it out, you can look for clues in the pictures or the rest of the sentence to help figure it out.
  • Your child can understand many more word meanings than she can use in her own speaking and writing. Keep talking about new words and their meanings.
How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Encourage your child to use a broader range of words, and encourage her to express her thoughts clearly and thoroughly. (“How was school today?” “Fine.” “Tell me more. Did anything interesting happen at recess?”)
  • Read to your child often. Research shows that children’s books expose kids to a much broader range of vocabulary words than they would otherwise hear in conversation.

Comprehension

What is it?
  • Comprehension is understanding what a story is all about.
  • Here’s an example: Being able to identify the main characters in a story, talk about what they do and how they feel, and explain what happens during the beginning, middle, and end of a story are all important parts of reading comprehension.
What should my second grader know?
  • Retell stories he has read, including important details, the main message or lesson. These stories are more challenging and can include fables, folktales, and factual text.
  • Identify the main idea of individual paragraphs within a text.
  • Tell what is similar or different in two different versions of the same story. (For example, Goldilocks told by two different authors will be presented in varying ways.)
How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Keep reading out loud and talking about stories together.
  • Talk with your child about what you are reading. Ask probing questions that encourage your child to explain more details or reasons for their answers.
  • Have fun with this process; don’t feel like you have to drill your child with questions on every page. Just have a conversation about the parts of the story you think are interesting.
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Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, Comprehension: The ABCs of Learning to Read in Kindergarten https://www.hookedonphonics.com/phonics-fluency-vocabulary-comprehension-the-abcs-of-learning-to-read-in-kindergarten/ Tue, 22 Sep 2015 18:24:26 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=1588

Teacher Reading to Kindergarten Students
Sending your little one into that kindergarten classroom is a huge step—for both of you! Much of this year will be about learning how to be a student. That means how to work together in the classroom, how we act in school and in groups, and of course, how to build a strong foundation for reading. All this change can be tough on your child. Spending time reading together can help you reconnect and give you both opportunities to share your feelings and experiences during this transition. Learning to read is a huge job and it involves several key parts. Here’s an overview of what goes into the process, and how you can help your 5- to 6-year-old grow as a reader during kindergarten.

Here are the 14 things that your kindergarten child needs to know to learn to read:

  Phonemic Awareness
  1. Hears and identifies sounds at the beginning, middle, and ends of words (“What sound do you hear at the beginning of lap?” “Llll!”) Be sure to say the sound of the letter rather than its name when talking with your child about this idea. In this example, you would say the lll sound rather than the name of the letter L.
  2. Thinks of other words with the same beginning or ending sound. (“Can you think of other words that end with the zzz sound? How about fizz, buzz . . .” Then let your child brainstorm.)
  3. Understands words are made up of different sounds that come together and be able to separate them. (“Man has three sounds—‘mmm, aaa, nnn.’”)
    Phonics
  4. Identify all letters and their sounds. (For the vowels, it’s fine for your child to focus on one of the sounds the letter can make, such as A says “a” as in at; but you can start talking about the long vowel sounds, too. A can also say its name, “aye” as in ate.)
  5. Begin to understand that letters join together to make words. (“First, I see an N. That’s nnn. And then an O… ohhh. That’s nnnohhhno!”)
  6. Write letters, beginning to form some words. (Don’t worry—the spelling probably won’t be solid for another year or two!)
    Fluency
  7. Your child is probably putting some of the pieces into place to become a fluent reader—but is not there yet. This is completely normal for a kindergartener! Keep practicing and give it time.
    Vocabulary
  8. Your child is learning new words every day.
  9. Kindergarteners should be able to explain their ideas in-depth when they are speaking through detailed, complete sentences.
  10. Understanding of figures of speech is just beginning. (For example, when we say, “It’s raining cats and dogs!” we don’t mean that cats and dogs are actually falling from the sky.)
    Comprehension
  11. Ask and answer questions about stories that are read out loud.
  12. Make predictions about a story based on the title, cover illustration, and the first few pages.
  13. Begin to make connections within a book—with your help. (“People have to drink water to live. So do plants!”)
  14. Understand the main idea of a story. (“Clifford felt really sad when Emily Elizabeth went to school. But he was even happier when she came home and told him what she learned!”)

Phonemic Awareness

What is it?

Phonemic awareness is the knowledge that spoken words can be broken apart into smaller chunks of sound. These units of sound are called phonemes. Here’s an example: the word bat is made of three phonemes: the sounds /b,/ /a,/ and /t./ When kids know that these three sounds are part of the word bat, they are showing that they have phonemic awareness.

mother and child reading

How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Reading stories out loud with lots of rhyming words helps build phonemic awareness. The Bright & Early Books from Dr. Seuss and his friends are perfect introductory rhyming books for this age group.
  • Play rhyming games and sing silly rhyming songs. Kids this age love a wacky twist on an old favorite. (“Twinkle, twinkle, little cat, how I wonder if you wear a hat.”)
  • Talk about letter sounds and blends (“What sound do you hear at the beginning of Cheerios?’ It’s ‘ch’—the /c/ and the /h/ work together to make a ‘ch’ sound!”)

Phonics

brothers readingWhat is it?

Phonics connect the knowledge of sounds (also called phonemes) to letter symbols. Here’s an example: The letter X looks like “X” and makes the sound “ks.”

How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Encourage your child to sound out short words that follow phonics rules.
  • Keep talking about the letters and sounds you see in your everyday life together. (“See that stop sign? What letter does the word stop start with? What sound does the letter S make? How does the T work with the S?”)
  • When you’re reading to your child, use your finger to track the words as you read them.
  • Encourage your child to read one or two words she knows as you read out loud to her. (You might have her watch for the sight words I and me, for example, and prompt her to read them when you reach them. Robert Lopshire’s Beginner Book Put Me in the Zoo is a great way to
    help children learn to read the sight word, zoo.)
  • Keep it fun and make a big deal about it when she succeeds. If she’s frustrated or is struggling, let it go for now köpa priligy.

Fluency

What is it?

Fluency is the ability to read words smoothly, at a good pace, and with expression. Here’s an example. If a character is very excited, the reader’s voice should sound excited, too. The child should not have to stop to sound out each word; the words should flow smoothly.

How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Read out loud to your child as much as possible!
  • Make your voice match the feeling of the story to show your child how it sounds to read with expression. Bring your personality to your reading—it makes it more fun for both of you.
  • As your child begins to read more words with more confidence, you can trade off pages as you read out loud together. This will balance her own practice with hearing you model what it sounds like to be a smooth, expressive reader.

Vocabulary

What is it?

Vocabulary is the dictionary in your child’s mind. The more word meanings your child knows the larger her vocabulary.

How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Talk with your child often and in a meaningful way. Help them learn new words about the world around them. (“You really look exhausted today! Do you know what exhausted means? It means really tired. You look exhausted and very tired today.”)
  • Read to your child often. Research shows that children’s books expose kids to a much broader range of vocabulary words than they would otherwise hear in conversation. And there’s a direct link between the number of words a child goes into school knowing and how well that child does in school.
  • Encourage your child to express himself clearly and completely. Ask him questions that will help him open up and explain his ideas in detail. The more he speaks, the stronger his vocabulary.

Comprehension

What is it?

Comprehension is understanding what a story is all about. Here’s an example. Being able to identify the main characters in a story, talk about what they do and how they feel, and explain what happens during the beginning, middle, and end of a story are all important parts of reading comprehension.

How can I help my child develop in this area?
  • Read out loud to your child as much as possible!
  • Talk with your child about what you are reading. Ask questions about the important things that are happening in a story, and help them make connections. (“Didn’t we read another story about cats last week? What do you remember from that book? I wonder if we will learn something new about cats from this one.”)
  • Have fun with this process; don’t feel like you have to drill your child with questions on every page. Just have a conversation about the parts of the story you think are interesting.
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Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, Comprehension: The ABCs of Learning to Read for Preschoolers https://www.hookedonphonics.com/phonics-fluency-vocabulary-comprehension-the-abcs-of-learning-to-read-for-preschoolers/ Mon, 21 Sep 2015 15:48:32 +0000 http://blog.earlymoments.com/?p=1559

Preschoolers are busy learning and growing at an incredible pace every day. You’re probably noticing big changes in your little one’s speech—kids this age often have a deeper understanding of their world than we think. Other times, they make hilarious mistakes with words and other concepts!

Learning to read is a huge job, and it involves several key parts. Here’s an overview of what goes into the process and how you can help your preschooler head to school with a firm foundation of essential reading skills.

 

First, is a list of 14 things your preschooler needs to know to learn to read:
Phonemic Awareness
  1. Hears and identifies beginning sounds. (“What sound do you hear at the beginning of lap?” “llll!”) Be sure to say the sound of the letter rather than its name when talking with your child about this idea. In this example, you would say the lll sound rather than the name of the letter L.
  2. Thinks of other words with the same beginning sound. (“Can you think of other words that start with the llll sound? How about light, leg, etc.” Then let your child brainstorm.)
  3. Begins to understand that words are made up of different sounds that come together.
    Phonics
  4. Each letter has its own special look and sound.
  5. Recognizes many letters in print (Four-year-olds often recognize 12-15 letters.)
  6. Recognizes the letters in their first name
  7. Connects several letter names and their sounds. (“That’s an N! The letter N makes the nnnnn sound.”)
    Fluency
  8. Because young children do not yet read independently, they are not fluent readers. Fluency comes with time and practice.
    Vocabulary
  9. Young children are building their vocabulary at a very rapid pace.
  10. Preschoolers should talk in sentences and be able to explain their ideas and thoughts—even though sometimes it’s a struggle.
    Comprehension
  11. Ask and answer questions about stories that are read out loud.
  12. Use pictures in books to understand what is happening—and use them to make a prediction about what might happen next.
  13. Make connections between what happens in a book and their own lives. (“Hey, one time I woke up late, too!”)
  14. Understand the important message of a story. (“Those friends really showed how much they love each other. That was so kind.”)

Phonemic Awareness

What is it?

  • Phonemic awareness is the knowledge that spoken words can be broken apart into smaller chunks of sound. These units of sound are called phonemes.
  • Here’s an example: the word bat is made of three phonemes: the sounds /b/, /a,/ and /t/. When kids know that these three sounds are part of the word bat, they are showing that they have phonemic awareness.
close_up_Dad_girl_reading_circle

How can I help my child develop in this area?

  • Reading stories out loud with lots of rhyming words helps build phonemic awareness. Dr. Seuss books are perfect for this.
  • Ask your preschooler to rhyme. (“Let’s see how many words we can think of that rhyme with ball!”)
  • Practice not just letter names, but also letter sounds (“What is the name of this letter?” “M!” “Great job. Do you know what sound the letter M makes?” “Mmmmm!”)

Phonics

What is it?

  • Phonics connect the knowledge of sounds (also called phonemes) to letter symbols.
  • Here’s an example: The letter X looks like “X” and makes the sound ks.

How can I help my child develop in this area?

  • Point out letters and talk about their sounds every once in a while you read. This is easy to do if you are reading an alphabet book but can be done with any story. Sesame Street’s The ABCs of Cookies and Dr. Seuss’s ABCs are great books for this activity.
  • Talk about the letters and sounds you see in your everyday life together. (“See that stop sign? What letter does the word stop start with? What sound does the letter S make?”)
  • When your child knows many letters she sees and can say their sounds, start to talk about how letters work together to build words. (“Let’s look at this word. What sound does the first letter make?” “Nnnnn.” “Great! What about the second letter?” “Ohhh.” “You got it. Let’s put them together. Nnnnn . . . ohhhh . . . those letters make the word no!”) Keep this practice casual and fun!
  • Start your child on a phonics learn to read program like the one from Hooked on Phonics, download a mobile app such as the Hooked on Phonics app which includes a section called ‘The Big Reading Show’, especially for preschoolers or Hooked on Phonics Online.

Fluency

What is it?

  • Fluency is the ability to read words smoothly, at a good pace, and with expression.
  • Here’s an example. If a character is very excited, the reader’s voice should sound excited, too. The child should not have to stop to sound out each word; the words should flow smoothly.close_up_dad_kids_reading_circle

How can I help my child develop in this area?

  • Read out loud to your child as much as possible!
  • Make your voice match the feeling of the story to show your child how it sounds to read with expression. Bring your personality to your reading—it makes it more fun for both of you.

Vocabulary

What is it?

  • Vocabulary is the dictionary in your child’s mind. The more word meanings your child knows the larger her vocabulary.

How can I help my child develop in this area?

  • Talk with your child often and in a meaningful way. Help him learn new words about the world around him. (“Wow, look at this beautiful leaf. Did you know that leaves grow on trees and come off in the autumn? Autumn is another word for the season of fall.”)
  • Read to your child often. Research shows that children’s books expose kids to a much broader range of vocabulary words than they would otherwise hear in conversation.
  • Encourage your child to express himself clearly and completely. The more he speaks, the stronger his vocabulary.

Comprehension

What is it?

  • Comprehension is understanding what a story is all about.
  • Here’s an example. Being able to identify the main characters in a story, talk about what they do and how they feel, and explain what happens during the beginning, middle, and end of a story are all important parts of reading comprehension.

How can I help my child develop in this area?

  • Read out loud to your child as much as possible!
  • Talk with your child about what you are reading. Ask questions about the important things that are happening in a story, and help them make connections. (“This barn looks like the one we saw last week! Do you remember that?”)
  • Have fun with this process; don’t feel like you have to drill your child with questions on every page. Just have a conversation about the parts of the story you think are interesting.
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